Creatine supplementation increases renal disease progression in Han:SPRD-cy rats.
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and the Center for Research on Women's Health, Texas Woman's University, Denton, USA.
The
growing use of creatine as a potential ergogenic aid among active
individuals has raised concern regarding its effects on the kidney,
particularly among those individuals with compromised renal function.
The object of this study is to investigate the effects of oral creatine
supplementation in an accepted animal model of renal cystic disease.
Han:Sprague-Dawley (SPRD)-cy rats with cystic kidney disease were
administered a creatine supplement at a loading dose of 2.0 g/kg of diet
for 1 week, followed by 5 weeks during which the dose was one fifth
this amount, mimicking typical human consumption on a body-weight basis.
Cystic kidney disease progression was assessed by measuring kidney size
and fluid content and determining cyst scores. Renal function was
assessed by measuring serum urea and creatinine concentrations and
creatinine clearance. Creatine supplementation resulted in greater cyst
growth and worsened renal function in the Han:SPRD-cy rat, evidenced by
greater kidney weights (2.87 +/- 0.08 versus 2.61 +/- 0.09 g/100 g of
body weight; P: = 0.0365), renal fluid contents (89.22 +/- 0.41 versus
87.38 +/- 0.48 g/100 g of kidney weight; P: = 0.0057), cyst scores (0.49
+/- 0.02 versus 0.40 +/- 0.03; P: = 0.0167) and serum urea
concentrations (23.96 +/- 0.92 versus 20.65 +/- 1.06 mmol/L; P: =
0.0230), and lower creatinine clearances (0.125 +/- 0.098 versus 0.162
+/- 0.011 mL/min/100 g of body weight; P: = 0.0159). These results
indicate that creatine supplements may exacerbate disease progression in
an animal model of cystic renal disease. Although systematic research
of the effects of creatine supplementation in humans with compromised
renal function is awaited, it follows that creatine should be used with
particular caution in individuals with or at risk for renal disease.
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